Jason needs to get off his lazy ass and help me with the site. The levenshtein distance between two languages or dialects is often used as a yardstick against which empirical research can be measured, using tools to check. The table below provides an overview of the bulgarian alphabet. Torlakian considered a subdialect of shtokavian by some has a significant level of mutual intelligibility with macedonian and bulgarian. Mutual intelligibility of spoken danish and swedish. Instead of similarity, we could also use the inverse concept of distance, in which case, the greater the distance between two languages, the smaller their degree of mutual intelligibility.
I know russians and ukrainians, and poles and czechs can understand each other fairly well, but how easy can too different families of slavic languages understand each other. In this way we may talk of the parisian dialect of french, the lancashire dialect of english, the bavarian dialect of german, and so on. In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three west slavic czech, slovak and polish and three south slavic languages croatian, slovene and bulgarian. Mar 01, 2018 in the prospective thesis, we seek to quantitatively model the mutual intelligibility between the language pairs bulgarian russian and czechpolish at the orthographic as well as phonological level. In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility. Mutual intelligibility in the slavic language area. So in essence, there is spoken mutual intelligibility between all slavic languages but that can range from the 80% of czech vs slovak to the 5% of polish vs bulgarian. Russian has a quite high degree of intelligibility with bulgarian, possibly on the order of 75%. Orthography in language modeling of mutual intelligibility.
These mutually intelligible languages will make you do a. Sep 18, 2015 in the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three west slavic czech, slovak and polish and three south slavic languages croatian, slovene and bulgarian. Is russian mutually intelligible with any other slavic. The proper term for what youre asking is linguistic distance. We tested twenty language combinations using the same uniform methodology, making the results commensurable for the first time. We report on a largescale investigation of the mutual intelligibility between five germanic languages. Not sure about other languages, but russian and ukranian are very mutually intelligible. Applying dynamic bayesian networks in transliteration detection and generation. Accounting for mutual intelligibility of lexis availability of lexical alternatives leads to asymmetric intelligibility look into cognates. University of groningen mutual intelligibility in the slavic. Pdf modeling mutual intelligibility between slavic language pairs. It is an advanced form of training and is not recommended for beginners or early intermediates.
To what extent are different slavic languages mutually. In the prospective thesis, we seek to quantitatively model the mutual intelligibility between the language pairs bulgarianrussian and. Mutual intelligibility among the slavic languages beyond. Pdf mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic.
There are approximately 30 million speakers, mainly in the balkans. Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages 2712009 2 introduction. Hes the site administrator and i am waiting for him to give me some site tools i need to help administer the site. These mutually intelligible languages will make you do a double take. Pdf in the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility. Yes, which languages do you think are the most mutual intelligible. It requires a solid understanding of knowing your capabilities and autoregulating your lift intensity. Bulgarian, like a number of other slavic languages russian, ukrainian, belorussian, serbian and macedonian, is written using a variant of the cyrillic alphabet.
Slavic languages are spoken natively by 300 million people and as second or third languages by many more people in countries as far away as germany and china. May 28, 2014 but again, this is a separate discussion from mutual intelligibility. I spent the first 6 years of my life in ukraine and grew up speaking russian and english russian was the main language of ukraine back then, these days i dont speak it natively anymore but i still know my fair share of russian. The letters themselves are listed in the first column in standard bulgarian alphabetical order. Mutual intelligibility and surprisal in slavic intercomprehension incomslav project c4 investigates the relation between information density, encoding density and grammaticalisation in a crosslinguistic perspective, focusing on intercomprehension within the family of slavic languages. Yet there is a dialect continuum between slovenian and. But because i am just now learning the actual meaning of the russian words, im wondering what is. Modeling mutual intelligibility between slavic languages pis. Slovenian and serbocroatian have poor intelligibility, about 30% intelligibility.
Mutual intelligibility wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. Mutual intelligibility in slavic language specific. Hes the site administrator and i am waiting for him to give me some site tools i. I think they are czech and slovak or russian and ukrainian, but the former is dominant, i think, right. For example, could a russian and a bulgarian understand each other just talking their native languages. University of groningen mutual intelligibility in the.
Orthographic and morphological correspondences between. Pdf mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic. Only romanians who know another slavic language can understand better bulgarian, the same applies for bulgarians who know another romance language. I have a fairly easy time reading ukrainianbulgarianserbian and to a lesser extent kazakh. This thesis explores mutual intelligibility in the slavic language area how to measure it, how to predict it. Its important to note that mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. In the prospective thesis, we seek to quantitatively model the mutual intelligibility between the language pairs bulgarianrussian and czechpolish at the orthographic as well as phonological level. Mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic family. The south slavic languages are one of three branches of the slavic languages. The results show that in most cases, a division between west and south slavic languages does exist and that west. Slavic languages descend from protoslavic, their immediate parent language, ultimately deriving from protoindoeuropean, the ancestor language of all indoeuropean languages, via a protobaltoslavic stage. Bosnian, croatian and serbian shtokvakian of course can understand each other. In answering this question, i will honour a soviet tradition that i always hated starting a book, an article, a lecture, whatever, with a citation from marx or engels. For some slavic languages there are pairs which are that similar, but not for russian.
In addition, the differences between the slavonic dialects are so great that. Pdf modeling mutual intelligibility between slavic. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages arent. Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages in europe pdf. Corpora and quantitative data in slavic languages pdf. Bulgarian and macedonian are mutually intelligible between 80% and 90%, as are czech and slovak. Is the difference as far apart as the germanic languages, or closer.
Yes, but not on the level of australian english and california english. But again, this is a separate discussion from mutual intelligibility. First of all, once you make yourself aware of mutually intelligible languages, you. These are separated geographically from speakers of the other two slavic branches west and east by a belt of german, hungarian and romanian speakers. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Czech, slovak, polish, croatian, slovenian and bulgarian on the level of lexicon, orthography. During the protobaltoslavic period a number of exclusive isoglosses in phonology, morphology, lexis, and syntax developed, which makes slavic and baltic the closest related of all the. In the prospective thesis, we seek to quantitatively model the mutual intelligibility between the language pairs bulgarian russian and czechpolish at the orthographic as well as phonological level. Languages as a base for modeling of mutual intelligibility. Is the difference as far apart as the germanic languages, or. Does russian have a degree of mutual intelligibility with any other languages. Erik van thienen is right but this fact doesnt help mutual intelligibility at all.
Moldovan does, however, have more foreign loanwords from russian and. Crc 1102 project c4 models for mutual intelligibility march, 2015 1416. Pdf mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic languages. Russian belongs to the family of indoeuropean languages, one of the four living members of the east slavic languages alongside. To what extent, are romanian and bulgarian mutually. Mutual intelligibility in the slavic language area 66 3. We first tested both written and spoken language by means of cloze tests. Jul 15, 2011 and mutual intelligibility is symmetric. I used to know a russian girl and slovakian girl who sometimes spoke a mix of the 2 languages to eachother.
Says wb lockwood, a prominent indoeuropean linguist, it remained in use to modern times but was more and more influenced by the living, evolving languages, so that one distinguishes bulgarian, serbian, and russian varieties. It is sometimes used as a criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, though sociolinguistic factors are also important. The language intelligibility problem is also mentioned in the report published in 2007 at the european commission by the high level group on multilingualism hlgm, which emphasizes a lack of knowledge about mutual intelligibility between closely re. Sometimes it is also called lexical distance, if only lexical units have been comparedmeasured also, there is an article on wikipedia called mutual intelligibility, and it has a nice list of mutually intelligible languages as noticed, there are several aspects by which linguistic distances ld between a certain pair of. Nov 16, 2007 i know russians and ukrainians, and poles and czechs can understand each other fairly well, but how easy can too different families of slavic languages understand each other. My question revolves around mutual intelligibility with other cyrillic languages. Mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic languages. Russian, belarusian, ukrainian, bulgarian, macedonian. The use of such media hampered the development of the local. Mutual intelligibility of slavic languages yahoo answers.
I have a fairly easy time reading ukrainian bulgarian serbian and to a lesser extent kazakh. Does russian have mutual intelligibility with other. But because i am just now learning the actual meaning of the russian words, im wondering what is the mutual intelligibility between them, if any. Tania avgustinova, dietrich klakow, and roland marti. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable pdf that you. The imposition of church slavonic on orthodox slavs was often at the expense of the vernacular. If the level of mutual intelligibility between two languages is high enough, the speakers of. Kajkavian has higher mutual intelligibility with slovenian than varieties of shtokavian while chakavian has a low mutual intelligibility with either, in part due to large number of loanwords from venetian. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related languages can readily understand each other without intentional study or special effort. Orthographic and morphological correspondences between related slavic languages as a base for modeling of mutual intelligibility andrea fischer, klara jagrova, irina stenger, tania avgustinova, dietrich klakow, and roland marti. How mutually intelligible are the various slavic languages.
Russian, belarussian and ukrainian were not among the languages observed. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which. Dialects, that is, can be regarded as subdivisions of a particular language. Mutual intelligibility wikipedia republished wiki 2. Pdf mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic family robert. Dutch, or hindiurdu, and mutual intelligibility between their speakers exceeds that between the standard variants of english, french, german or spanish. There isnt any other slavic language that is that much like russian. Renowned for its specificity, frequency, and intensity, the bulgarian method has long been a curiosity in the weightlifting and powerlifting world. The first south slavic language to be written also the first attested slavic language was the. Mutual intelligibility among slavic languages antimoon forum. Having a large body of recognizable vocabulary is a necessary condition for mutual intelligibility, but it is nowhere near sufficient. These mutually intelligible languages will make you do a double. Apr 18, 2020 renowned for its specificity, frequency, and intensity, the bulgarian method has long been a curiosity in the weightlifting and powerlifting world. Article pdf available in russian linguistics 393 november 2015 with 1,016.
722 1327 1409 1213 444 1356 302 950 341 128 704 77 370 38 1054 587 838 150 784 675 327 1491 370 1170 113 869 768 735 326 17 328 1180 1019 856